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This article is about languages, languages around the world. Language is a system of communication using words, sounds or gestures which are learnt and understood by people who belong to one community. The history of human language goes back to the times before written records. It has been said that language came into existence when people were able to use sound to communicate with each other. There are manifold different languages spoken in the world, but their number must not be taken as indicative of how many different communities there are, because speakers of two dialects may find it difficult if not impossible to understand each other's language even though they speak the same mother tongue which belongs to one language family. Some languages are spoken by several communities, such as English and Spanish in the Americas, and Arabic in North Africa and the Middle East. Languages may be classified according to their status: The basic tool for studying languages is the dictionary. The dictionary lists the number of words and their meaning in a particular language, and contains information on whether sentences can be formed with these words and about how motion of body parts is used to express certain grammatical structures. The way language is structured may also be revealed by a dictionary which gives grammatical information such as how sentences are arranged or when certain parts of speech appear. In addition to a dictionary, a text which contains a detailed account of a particular language also helps in understanding it. Over the years many foreign dictionaries have been written in various languages, but there is a need for a dictionary in Esperanto even in the 21st century. This is because the foreign words in Esperanto have been borrowed from other languages and have not undergone much change since their original acquisition from other languages. They are therefore basically equivalent to their originals and can be understood by speakers of both Esperanto and the language from which they were borrowed. The basic tool for studying these words is therefore not so much an English or French dictionary, but an English–Esperanto or French–Esperanto dictionary. Linguists are interested in the world's languages for different reasons. Some are interested in language as a science, others are interested mainly in its practical use, and still others are interested either in the abstract notion of language or in history. Linguists may be interested not only in studies of individual languages, but also of language families and the relationships between them. Many books have been written about various languages all over the world. These include dictionaries, grammars, phrasebooks and histories of the world's languages. They may mention both famous and less well-known languages. These books are not always very accessible to non-specialists including students because they normally refer to scholarly journals for their contents. Some of these books may be available in many countries and in various languages, and they can be found at libraries. Some Esperantists have written grammars for Esperanto, and most of them have compiled phrasebooks or compiled or translated dictionaries which include words common in Esperanto, such as medical terms and scientific terms. There are also many translations of foreign-language books into Esperanto; however, these translations may not always be accurate because the linguists who prepared them may not be proficient in the language into which they translate. Many books about languages have been written in various European languages by scholars working outside Europe. cfa1e77820
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